The Direct Approach
 

  
 
  This approach was developed initially as a reaction to the grammar-translation approach in an attempt to integrate more use of the target language in instruction.

Lessons begin with a dialogue using a modern conversational style in English. Material is first presented orally with actions or pictures. Spanish is not used. There is no translation. The preferred type of exercise is a series of questions in English based on the dialogue or an anecdotal narrative. Questions are answered in English. Grammar is taught inductively--rules are generalized from the practice and experience with English. Verbs are used first and systematically conjugated only much later after some oral mastery of English. Advanced students read literature for comprehension and pleasure. Literary texts are not analyzed grammatically. The culture associated with English is also taught inductively. Culture is considered an important aspect of learning English.